Pharmion
Corporation (Nasdaq: PHRM) and MethylGene Inc. (TSX: MYG) announced
the enrollment of the first patient in a Phase 2 clinical trial (Trial
CL002) evaluating MGCD0103, the Companies' isotype-selective histone
deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) product candidate, in combination with
Vidaza(R) (azacitidine for injection), Pharmion's DNA demethylating agent,
in patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) or
non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).
Patients will receive 75 mg/m2 of Vidaza either intravenously or
subcutaneously in combination with an oral dose of MGCD0103 in 28 day
cycles. Key objectives for this study are to determine the overall response
rate, progression free survival and duration of response. The trial will
enroll up to 75 patients at cancer centers in North America and will
include a pharmacokinetic equivalency study.
"We are aggressively exploring the utility of epigenetic drug
combinations in the treatment of cancer," said Andrew Allen, Pharmion's
executive vice president and chief medical officer. "The biology of cancer
suggests multiple epigenetic mechanisms cooperate to silence tumor
suppressor genes, which raises the simple hypothesis that attacking these
mechanisms with drug combinations may be superior to single-agent therapy.
In this trial, we are combining Vidaza, our DNA methyltransferase
inhibitor, with MGCD0103, our isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor, in a
clinical study of this therapeutic approach. We are unique in our ability
to conduct a trial like this, using drugs from our own portfolio."
"We are delighted to be participating in this trial of Vidaza and
MGCD0103," commented Dr. Anas Younes, Professor of Medicine and Director,
Clinical Investigation and Translational Research in the Department of
Lymphoma/Myeloma, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center and a principal investigator
for this trial. "There have been no new approved therapies in
relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma for decades. As epigenetics is thought
to play a role in lymphoma, this clinical study will help build an
understanding of the role of HDAC inhibitors and demethylating agents in
the treatment of non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphoma."
Encouraging anti-tumor activity has been demonstrated in a Phase 2
clinical study of MGCD0103 as a single agent in the relapsed or refractory
Hodgkin lymphoma patient population. Data from the ongoing study, presented
at the American Society of Hematology (ASH) annual meeting last month,
reported an objective complete and partial response (CR and PR) rate of 38
percent and a disease control rate of 43 percent in 21 evaluable patients
in the 110mg cohort. Eighty-six percent of patients who had CT scans
experienced a reduction in tumor size, with 57 percent experiencing a tumor
reduction of greater than 30 percent. The two CR patients have a
preliminary progression-free survival (PFS) of 14 and nine months at the
time of analysis, and the range of PFS from the responder group is 56 to
greater than 396 days. Adverse events associated with MGCD0103
administration of grade 3 or higher included pneumonia (15 percent),
thrombocytopenia (12 percent) and fatigue (nine percent). Dose modification
was effective in many of these patients.
About MGCD0103
MGCD0103 is an orally-administered, isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor
The compound is currently in one Phase 1 combination clinical trial with
Taxotere(R) for solid tumors, two Phase 1/2 combination trials with
Vidaza(R) for hematological malignancies and with Gemzar(R) for pancreatic
cancer; and five Phase 2 clinical trials in hematological malignancies.
MGCD0103 has received orphan drug designation from the U.S. Food and
Drug Administration (FDA) and has been designated an orphan medicinal
product by the European Medicines Agency (EMEA) for the treatment of
Hodgkin lymphoma.
About Vidaza
In May 2004, Vidaza became the first drug approved by the FDA for the
treatment of patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS). The FDA
approved Vidaza, the first in a new class of drugs called demethylation
agents, for treatment of all five MDS subtypes. These subtypes include:
refractory anemia (RA) or refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (RARS)
if accompanied by neutropenia or thrombocytopenia or requiring
transfusions; refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB), refractory
anemia with excess blasts in transformation (RAEB-T), and chronic
myelomonocytic leukemia (CMMoL).
Vidaza is believed to exert its antineoplastic effects by causing
hypomethylation of DNA and direct cytotoxicity on abnormal hematopoietic
cells in the bone marrow. The concentration of Vidaza required for maximum
inhibition of DNA methylation in vitro does not cause major suppression of
DNA synthesis. Hypomethylation may restore normal function to genes that
are critical for differentiation and proliferation. The cytotoxic effects
of Vidaza cause the death of rapidly dividing cells, including cancer cells
that are no longer responsive to normal growth control mechanisms. Non-
proliferating cells are relatively insensitive to Vidaza. Vidaza was
approved for IV administration in January 2007.
About Epigenetic Therapy
DNA methylation and histone deacetylation are the two most studied
epigenetic regulators of gene expression. Vidaza reverses the effects of
DNA hypermethylation with subsequent tumor suppressor gene re-expression.
MGCD0103 exerts its epigenetic effects by acting as an oral
isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor. Together, the two act synergistically to
induce suppressor gene re-expression and favorably influence the clinical
course of cancer. Pharmion strongly believes that by targeting two separate
epigenetic pathways simultaneously, the combination of drugs targeting DNA
methylation and histone deacetylation can either increase the
susceptibility of cancer cells to standard chemotherapy or act as a potent
therapeutic regimen in its own right.
About Hodgkin Lymphoma
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a cancer of the lymphatic system that begins
in the lymph nodes and progresses to other organs, including the lungs,
liver, bone and bone marrow. It is characterized by the presence of
Reed-Sternberg cells. Currently, there is no known cause of the disease,
but epigenetic alterations including changes in histone acetylation, have
been identified. In addition, the Epstein-Barr virus, HIV and familial
history are known risk factors. The disease is slightly more prevalent in
men than women, and the median age of diagnosis is 38.
About Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) are any of a large group of cancers of the
immune system. NHLs can occur at any age and are often marked by enlarged
lymph nodes, fever, and weight loss. There are many different types of NHL,
which can be divided into aggressive (fast-growing) and indolent
(slow-growing) types and can be classified as either B-cell or T-cell NHL.
B-cell NHLs include Burkitt lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,
follicular lymphoma, immunoblastic large cell lymphoma, precursor
B-lymphoblastic lymphoma, and mantle cell lymphoma. T-cell NHLs include
mycosis fungoides, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, and precursor
T-lymphoblastic lymphoma. Lymphomas related to lymphoproliferative
disorders following bone marrow or stem cell transplantation are usually
B-cell NHLs. Currently, there is no known cause of the disease, but
epigenetic alterations including histone acetylation, have been identified.
In addition, the Epstein-Barr virus, HIV, Hepatitis-C and familial history
are known risk factors.
Г§The disease is slightly more prevalent in men then women, and is most
common in those over the age of 60. According to the American Cancer
Society, there are approximately 59,000 new cases of non-Hodgkin lymphomas
diagnosed each year in the U.S. DLBCL is the most common form of NHL
lymphomas accounting for up to 30 percent of newly-diagnosed cases.
Important Vidaza Safety Information
Vidaza is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to
Vidaza or mannitol and in patients with advanced malignant hepatic tumors.
In clinical studies, the most commonly occurring adverse reactions by
SC route were nausea (70.5%), anemia (69.5%), thrombocytopenia (65.5%),
vomiting (54.1%), pyrexia (51.8%), leukopenia (48.2%), diarrhea (36.4%),
fatigue (35.9%), injection site erythema (35.0%), constipation (33.6%),
neutropenia (32.3%) and ecchymosis (30.5%). Other adverse reactions
included dizziness (18.6%), chest pain (16.4%), febrile neutropenia
(16.4%), myalgia (15.9%), injection site reaction (13.6%), aggravated
fatigue (12.7%) and malaise (10.9%). The most common adverse reactions by
IV route also included petechiae (45.8%), rigors (35.4%), weakness (35.4%)
and hypokalemia (31.3%).
Because treatment with Vidaza is associated with neutropenia and
thrombocytopenia, complete blood counts should be performed as needed to
monitor response and toxicity, but at a minimum, prior to each dosing
cycle. Because Vidaza is potentially hepatotoxic in patients with severe
pre- existing hepatic impairment, caution is needed in patients with liver
disease. In addition, Vidaza and its metabolites are substantially excreted
by the kidneys and the risk of toxic reactions to this drug may be greater
in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more
likely to have decreased renal function, it may be useful to monitor renal
function.
Vidaza may cause fetal harm. While receiving treatment with Vidaza,
women of childbearing potential should avoid becoming pregnant, and men
should avoid fathering a child. In addition, women treated with Vidaza
should not nurse.
About Pharmion
Pharmion is a leading global oncology company uniquely focused on
acquiring, developing and commercializing innovative products for the
treatment of hematology and oncology patients in the U.S., Europe and
additional international markets. Pharmion has a number of products on the
market including the world's first approved epigenetic drug, Vidaza(R), a
DNA demethylating agent. For additional information about Pharmion, please
visit the company's website at pharmion.
About MethylGene
MethylGene Inc. (TSX: MYG) is a publicly-traded biopharmaceutical
company focused on the discovery, development and commercialization of
novel therapeutics for cancer. The Company's lead product, MGCD0103, is an
oral isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor presently in multiple clinical trials
for solid tumors and hematological malignancies, including Phase 2
monotherapy and Phase 1 and Phase 2 combination trials with Vidaza(R),
Gemzar(R) and Taxotere(R). MGCD265 is an oral kinase inhibitor targeting
the c-Met, Tie-2, Ron and VEGF receptor tyrosine kinases. In addition,
MethylGene has several preclinical programs: MGCD290 an HDAC inhibitor in
combination with azoles for fungal infections; an HDAC program for
Huntington's disease; and a sirtuins program for cancer. MethylGene's
development and commercialization partners include Pharmion Corporation,
Taiho Pharmaceutical and EnVivo Pharmaceuticals. Please visit our website
at methylgene.
Safe Harbor Statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform
Act of 1995: This release contains forward-looking statements relating to
the planned development program for MGCD0103, which express the current
beliefs and expectations of management. Such statements are based on
current expectations and involve a number of known and unknown risks and
uncertainties that could cause Pharmion's future results, performance or
achievements to differ significantly from the results, performance or
achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements.
Important factors that could cause or contribute to such differences
include, but are not limited to, the potential failure of MGCD0103, to
demonstrate safety and efficacy in clinical and non-clinical testing; the
ability to complete regulatory submissions and gain regulatory approvals in
a timely manner; the ability to initiate and complete trials at the
referenced times; the impact of competition from other products under
development by Pharmion's competitors; the uncertainty of the regulatory
environment and changes in the health policies of various countries;
acceptance and demand for new pharmaceutical products and new therapies;
uncertainties regarding market acceptance of products newly launched,
currently being sold or in development; failure of third-party
manufacturers to produce the product volumes required on a timely basis and
fluctuations in currency exchange rates. Additional risks and uncertainties
relating to Pharmion and its business can be found in the "Risk Factors"
section of Pharmion's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly
period ended September 30, 2007, its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 2006 and in our other filings with the U.S.
Securities and Exchange Commission. Forward-looking statements speak only
as of the date on which they are made, and Pharmion undertakes no
obligation to update publicly or revise any forward-looking statement,
whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.
Pharmion Corporation
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